Introduction to Embedded. January 18,2007. • The bulk of the material in this lecture is adapted from: Embedded System Design– A Unified. Hardware/Software Introducton, by Frank. Vahid and Tony Givargis, John Wiley & Sons. What is a Computer? • Most of us think of. Embedded Systems Design: A Unified 6 Hardware/Software Introduction, (c) 2000 Vahid/Givargis Modified by: Masud-ul-Hasan Timing Diagrams. Most common method for. UC Irvine vahid@cs.ucr.edu. Tony Givargis. Center for Embedded Computer Systems. University of California, Irvine, USA givargis@uci.edu. Computing was. Attention paid to higher-level embedded system design concepts. This is akin to driver education emphasizing how to add gasoline to a car, check the.

1. Introduction Of Embedded System

Page 1 Embedded Systems Design: A Unified Hardware/Software Introduction 1 Chapter 8: State Machine and Concurrent Process Model Page 2 Embedded Systems Design: A Unified Hardware/Software Introduction 1 Chapter 8: State Machine and Concurrent Process Model Embedded Systems Design: A Unified Hardware/Software Introduction, (c) 2000 Vahid/Givargis 2 Outline. Models vs. Languages. State Machine Model – FSM/FSMD – HCFSM and Statecharts Language – Program-State Machine (PSM) Model. Concurrent Process Model – Communication – Synchronization – Implementation.

Dataflow Model. Real-Time Systems Page 3 Embedded Systems Design: A Unified Hardware/Software Introduction 1 Chapter 8: State Machine and Concurrent Process Model Embedded Systems Design: A Unified Hardware/Software Introduction, (c) 2000 Vahid/Givargis 2 Outline. Models vs. Languages. State Machine Model – FSM/FSMD – HCFSM and Statecharts Language – Program-State Machine (PSM) Model.

Concurrent Process Model – Communication – Synchronization – Implementation. Dataflow Model. Real-Time Systems Embedded Systems Design: A Unified Hardware/Software Introduction, (c) 2000 Vahid/Givargis 3. Describing embedded system’s processing behavior – Can be extremely difficult. Complexity increasing with increasing IC capacity – Past: washing machines, small games, etc.

Hundreds of lines of code – Today: TV set-top boxes, Cell phone, etc. Hundreds of thousands of lines of code. Desired behavior often not fully understood in beginning – Many implementation bugs due to description mistakes/omissions – English (or other natural language) common starting point. Precise description difficult to impossible. Example: Motor Vehicle Code – thousands of pages long.

Introduction Page 4 Embedded Systems Design: A Unified Hardware/Software Introduction 1 Chapter 8: State Machine and Concurrent Process Model Embedded Systems Design: A Unified Hardware/Software Introduction, (c) 2000 Vahid/Givargis 2 Outline. Models vs. Languages. State Machine Model – FSM/FSMD – HCFSM and Statecharts Language – Program-State Machine (PSM) Model. Concurrent Process Model – Communication – Synchronization – Implementation. Dataflow Model.

Real-Time Systems Embedded Systems Design: A Unified Hardware/Software Introduction, (c) 2000 Vahid/Givargis 3. Describing embedded system’s processing behavior – Can be extremely difficult. Complexity increasing with increasing IC capacity – Past: washing machines, small games, etc. Hundreds of lines of code – Today: TV set-top boxes, Cell phone, etc. Hundreds of thousands of lines of code.

Desired behavior often not fully understood in beginning – Many implementation bugs due to description mistakes/omissions – English (or other natural language) common starting point. Precise description difficult to impossible.

Example: Motor Vehicle Code – thousands of pages long. Introduction Embedded Systems Design: A Unified Hardware/Software Introduction, (c) 2000 Vahid/Givargis 4 An example of trying to be precise in English. California Vehicle Code – Right-of-way of crosswalks. 21950.

(a) The driver of a vehicle shall yield the right-of-way to a pedestrian crossing the roadway within any marked crosswalk or within any unmarked crosswalk at an intersection, except as otherwise provided in this chapter. (b) The provisions of this section shall not relieve a pedestrian from the duty of using due care for his or her safety. No pedestrian shall suddenly leave a curb or other place of safety and walk or run into the path of a vehicle which is so close as to constitute an immediate hazard.

No pedestrian shall unnecessarily stop or delay traffic while in a marked or unmarked crosswalk. (c) The provisions of subdivision (b) shall not relieve a driver of a vehicle from the duty of exercising due care for the safety of any pedestrian within any marked crosswalk or within any unmarked crosswalk at an intersection.

– All that just for crossing the street (and there’s much more)! Page 5 Embedded Systems Design: A Unified Hardware/Software Introduction 1 Chapter 8: State Machine and Concurrent Process Model Embedded Systems Design: A Unified Hardware/Software Introduction, (c) 2000 Vahid/Givargis 2 Outline. Models vs. Languages. State Machine Model – FSM/FSMD – HCFSM and Statecharts Language – Program-State Machine (PSM) Model.

Concurrent Process Model – Communication – Synchronization – Implementation. Dataflow Model. Real-Time Systems Embedded Systems Design: A Unified Hardware/Software Introduction, (c) 2000 Vahid/Givargis 3.

Introduction Of Embedded System

Describing embedded system’s processing behavior – Can be extremely difficult. Complexity increasing with increasing IC capacity – Past: washing machines, small games, etc. Hundreds of lines of code – Today: TV set-top boxes, Cell phone, etc. Hundreds of thousands of lines of code. Desired behavior often not fully understood in beginning – Many implementation bugs due to description mistakes/omissions – English (or other natural language) common starting point.

Precise description difficult to impossible. Example: Motor Vehicle Code – thousands of pages long. Introduction Embedded Systems Design: A Unified Hardware/Software Introduction, (c) 2000 Vahid/Givargis 4 An example of trying to be precise in English. California Vehicle Code – Right-of-way of crosswalks.

21950. (a) The driver of a vehicle shall yield the right-of-way to a pedestrian crossing the roadway within any marked crosswalk or within any unmarked crosswalk at an intersection, except as otherwise provided in this chapter. (b) The provisions of this section shall not relieve a pedestrian from the duty of using due care for his or her safety. No pedestrian shall suddenly leave a curb or other place of safety and walk or run into the path of a vehicle which is so close as to constitute an immediate hazard.

No pedestrian shall unnecessarily stop or delay traffic while in a marked or unmarked crosswalk. (c) The provisions of subdivision (b) shall not relieve a driver of a vehicle from the duty of exercising due care for the safety of any pedestrian within any marked crosswalk or within any unmarked crosswalk at an intersection. – All that just for crossing the street (and there’s much more)! Embedded Systems Design: A Unified Hardware/Software Introduction, (c) 2000 Vahid/Givargis 5 Models and languages. How can we (precisely) capture behavior? – We may think of languages (C, C), but computation model is the key.

Common computation models: – Sequential program model. Statements, rules for composing statements, semantics for executing them – Communicating process model. Multiple sequential programs running concurrently – State machine model.

For control dominated systems, monitors control inputs, sets control outputs – Dataflow model. For data dominated systems, transforms input data streams into output streams – Object-oriented model. For breaking complex software into simpler, well-defined pieces.

Page 1 Embedded Systems Design: A Unified Hardware/Software Introduction 1 Chapter 1: Introduction Page 2 Embedded Systems Design: A Unified Hardware/Software Introduction 1 Chapter 1: Introduction Embedded Systems Design: A Unified Hardware/Software Introduction, (c) 2000 Vahid/Givargis 2 Outline. Embedded systems overview – What are they?. Design challenge – optimizing design metrics.

Technologies – Processor technologies – IC technologies – Design technologies Page 3 Embedded Systems Design: A Unified Hardware/Software Introduction 1 Chapter 1: Introduction Embedded Systems Design: A Unified Hardware/Software Introduction, (c) 2000 Vahid/Givargis 2 Outline. Embedded systems overview – What are they?. Aprilaire humidifier model 700 installation.

Design challenge – optimizing design metrics. Technologies – Processor technologies – IC technologies – Design technologies Embedded Systems Design: A Unified Hardware/Software Introduction, (c) 2000 Vahid/Givargis 3 Embedded systems overview. Computing systems are everywhere. Most of us think of “desktop” computers – PC’s – Laptops – Mainframes – Servers. But there’s another type of computing system – Far more common. Page 4 Embedded Systems Design: A Unified Hardware/Software Introduction 1 Chapter 1: Introduction Embedded Systems Design: A Unified Hardware/Software Introduction, (c) 2000 Vahid/Givargis 2 Outline. Embedded systems overview – What are they?.

Design challenge – optimizing design metrics. Technologies – Processor technologies – IC technologies – Design technologies Embedded Systems Design: A Unified Hardware/Software Introduction, (c) 2000 Vahid/Givargis 3 Embedded systems overview. Computing systems are everywhere.

Most of us think of “desktop” computers – PC’s – Laptops – Mainframes – Servers. But there’s another type of computing system – Far more common. Embedded Systems Design: A Unified Hardware/Software Introduction, (c) 2000 Vahid/Givargis 4 Embedded systems overview. Embedded computing systems – Computing systems embedded within electronic devices – Hard to define. Nearly any computing system other than a desktop computer – Billions of units produced yearly, versus millions of desktop units – Perhaps 50 per household and per automobile Computers are in here. And even here.

Lots more of these, though they cost a lot less each. Page 5 Embedded Systems Design: A Unified Hardware/Software Introduction 1 Chapter 1: Introduction Embedded Systems Design: A Unified Hardware/Software Introduction, (c) 2000 Vahid/Givargis 2 Outline. Embedded systems overview – What are they?. Design challenge – optimizing design metrics. Technologies – Processor technologies – IC technologies – Design technologies Embedded Systems Design: A Unified Hardware/Software Introduction, (c) 2000 Vahid/Givargis 3 Embedded systems overview. Computing systems are everywhere.

Most of us think of “desktop” computers – PC’s – Laptops – Mainframes – Servers. But there’s another type of computing system – Far more common. Embedded Systems Design: A Unified Hardware/Software Introduction, (c) 2000 Vahid/Givargis 4 Embedded systems overview. Embedded computing systems – Computing systems embedded within electronic devices – Hard to define.

Nearly any computing system other than a desktop computer – Billions of units produced yearly, versus millions of desktop units – Perhaps 50 per household and per automobile Computers are in here. And even here. Lots more of these, though they cost a lot less each.